- Company news
- Knowledge
Knowledge
Basic knowledge of air compressors - the development history of screw air compressors in China
The information in this article draws on the headlines of the air compressor
In order to meet the demand for fuel and steel in industrialization, and to rapidly develop my country's coal and mine resources, a large number of mining equipment is urgently needed, especially for air compressors and other pneumatic tools, which has contributed to the rise of my country's air compressor manufacturing industry.
During this period, domestic compressor manufacturing only stayed at the stage of simple imitation and repair, with poor equipment and no compressor manufacturing plants. A number of compressor manufacturing plants were established and converted, thus forming the prototype of China's compressor manufacturing industry.
2. From "0" to "1", the hard road of screw compressors in my country
Since Swedes invented the world's first asymmetric toothed screw compressor in 1934, foreign screw compressor technology has developed rapidly.
However, due to the poor foundation in my country, the technical blockade implemented by foreign countries, and the high requirements on manufacturing technology, after entering the 1960s, although some domestic enterprises began to explore, but because the rotor manufacturing process has not been solved, my country's screw compressor technology development Slowly, it did not develop to a certain extent until after 1965.
During the same period, the number of companies manufacturing screw compressors in foreign countries, especially in the 1970s, doubled, and almost all major companies that originally produced reciprocating piston compressors gradually began to produce screw compressors.
In 1965, Shanghai Compressor Factory, Shanghai Third Compressor Factory and Hangzhou Turbine Factory (later renamed Hangzhou Steam Turbine Factory) explored and researched screw compressors.
The Shanghai No. 3 Compressor Factory has imitated and completed the exhaust volume of 40m3/min and the exhaust pressure of 2kg/min according to the "reverse profile forming method" (that is, the blade is made according to the shape of the end face of the prototype rotor, and the actual rotor is processed in the opposite direction). The 40/2 type screw compressor of cm2 was put into use in Quzhou Chemical Plant, becoming the earliest manufacturer of screw compressors in my country.
In 1965, Beijing General Machinery Factory and Wuxi Compressor Factory also completed trial production of a propane compressor with an exhaust volume of 11.5m3/min and an exhaust pressure of 20kg/cm2 and a D6.5-10/26～36 type hydrogen circulation compressor. machine. Hangzhou Turbine Factory also produced a screw air compressor with a displacement of 40m3/min for the natural gas gathering and transportation project of Daqing Oilfield.
In addition, the First Machinery Department decided to develop a matching 6000m3/h air separation plant based on the metallurgical equipment imported from Japan by Capital Iron and Steel Plant, and trial-produce the LG63 large screw air compressor with a displacement of 38,200m3/h. The trial production was undertaken by Shanghai Compressor Factory. Task. In March 1968, the trial production of LG63C×2-63D large screw compressors was completed.
The factory cooperated with Xi'an Jiaotong University, and on the basis of some preliminary work, in October of that year, completed the "Processing Screw Compressor Rotor Forming Milling Cutter Design Data", which played a role in the development of my country's screw compressors.
In the following year, in cooperation with the East China Institute of Electronic Computing Technology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the calculation program of the LG63 compressor rotor forming milling cutter was compiled, and the truncation calculation of the cutter was completed. It also designed and manufactured a large screw processing machine tool weighing 30 tons by itself, which solved the processing problems of Ф600 diameter rotors.
This series of work created conditions for the manufacture of large screw compressors. Although some technical problems have not been solved, it has accumulated experience for the manufacture of large screw compressors in my country.
In 1966, General Machinery Research Institute organized Shanghai Third Compressor Factory, Shanghai Valve Factory, Wuxi Compressor Factory, Tianjin Air Conditioner Factory and Chongqing General Machinery Factory and other units to provide Swedish PR600, PR365LD mobile screw compressors and Japanese KS2370 On this basis, in 1966, a 10m3/min screw compressor with a symmetrical circular arc profile was born, and its main performance reached the level of imported prototypes. And in 1967 completed the design and trial production of mobile screw compressors.
In 1966, Wuxi Compressor Factory and Shanghai No. 3 Compressor Factory succeeded in imitating the LC20-l0/7 screw compressor and the LG20-20/7 screw compressor successively, and the performance was close to the level of foreign prototypes. In the same year, Liuzhou No. 2 Air Compressor Factory also completed the trial production of LG20-10/7 screw compressors. However, due to the defects of the symmetrical profile itself, its power consumption is 30% higher than that of similar products of the reciprocating piston compressor.
In order to improve product accuracy, various compressor companies have successively carried out the work of improving the accuracy of milling cutters and manufacturing milling machines. Liuzhou No. 2 Air Compressor Factory first used the field to process the milling cutter with the mold, and the Wuxi Compressor Factory put the mold on the optical curve grinding machine, and used a 50-fold magnification to shape and grind, and used a large tool microscope to check the grinding. As a result, the precision of the milling cutter is improved.
At the same time, the General Machinery Research Institute, Shanghai No. 3 Compressor Factory, Shanghai Compressor Factory and Tianjin Air Conditioner Factory formed a joint design team to improve the milling cutter grinder designed and manufactured by Wuxi Compressor Factory. After a series of improvements After development, by the 1970s, the accuracy of the milling cutter had reached an error of within ±0.005 mm (appearing at the curved joint), and the sharpening time was shortened from 40 to 50 minutes of manual operation in the past to 20 to 30 minutes.
After the 1970s, the rotor profile of screw compressors produced abroad has been iterated, resulting in a significant drop in specific power.
During this period, my country's screw compressors were mainly imitations, and there was still a large gap between the design and manufacturing level compared with the level.
3. "Reopen" the fast lane, introduce and absorb, change and reform
After the reform, the compressor manufacturing industry has entered a period of transformation, upgrading, progress and growth. Great changes and profound changes have taken place in terms of scale, technical level and ownership. Industrial upgrading and product structure have undergone two major transformations.
The second was completed from the mid-1980s to the mid-1990s. The single product structure with piston compressors as the main product structure was transformed and upgraded to a product structure of multiple models, and thus created the reciprocating piston type and diaphragm type since the 1990s. , The situation of screw compressors is one-third of the world.
The second time was from the 1990s to the beginning of the 21st century, when compressors began to transform and upgrade from medium and small-scale products to large-scale products, and then created a prosperous period for the compressor market in the new century. .
Since the mid-1980s, the compressor manufacturing industry has taken the introduction of technology as a breakthrough. Through digestion and absorption, it has greatly promoted the technological progress of the entire industry and effectively promoted the upgrading of products.
my country's first generation and second generation screw compressors, their profiles belong to symmetrical arc type and unilateral asymmetric type, the power consumption is large, and the advantages of screw compressors cannot be fully utilized. At the same time, foreign molding lines continue to iterate, making screw compressors close to the level of reciprocating piston compressors in some aspects.
The LGⅢ20-10/7 type screw compressor tested and modified in 1982 has a specific power of 6.06kW/(m3/min), which is about 5.3% lower than that of the LGⅡ20 type compressor. One step further.
Shanghai Compressor Factory also successfully trial-produced the LG63C-430/3.8 carbon dioxide screw compressor in 1982. This machine adopts new technologies such as water-spraying internal cooling and steam turbine drive, and conducts performance simulation tests through partial air load and water-spraying cooling. The power reaches 800 kilowatts, which lays the foundation for the performance test and research of large screw compressors.
In 1983, the LG16-5/3.5 screw negative pressure compressor was successfully developed by the General Machinery Design Technology Company and Tianjin Air Conditioner Factory, which was put into use in Zhongtian.
In terms of reciprocating piston machine, on the basis of introducing foreign technology, digesting and absorbing, through independent innovation, we have overcome many difficulties and made major breakthroughs, realizing large and medium-sized reciprocating compressors in oil refining and hydrogenation, ammonia synthesis, and coal chemical plants. Localization has also continuously developed its own technology, making my country's reciprocating piston compressor technology at the level.
In the late 1980s, with the advantages of market capacity, labor cost and industrial base, my country became the first company to undertake the transfer of the international compressor industry. It is this big transfer that many foreign compressor manufacturers have come to my country to settle down, which has effectively promoted the transformation and upgrading of my country's compressor manufacturing industry.
??In 1993, Fusheng Company established a factory in the mainland, and brought the screw machine production technology that has been produced in Taiwan for about 15 years to the mainland.
Fusheng Air Compressor is a screw air compressor factory with completely independent intellectual property rights in the entire Greater China region. It has been producing screw air compressors since the 1970s and has been in production for about 50 years. It is currently an air compressor in Asia. Press manufacturer.
At the same time of technology introduction, compressor factories in mainland China also began to introduce mechanical processing equipment, so as to fundamentally change the state of low industrial manufacturing level and backward technological level of compressors, such as the screw rotor processing and milling machine of Shanghai Compressor Factory.
It is also driven by the market, which has prompted the second product transformation and upgrading of the industry, that is, small and medium-sized to large-scale and product upgrades.
4. Entering the new century, flourishing and making great progress
Since 2000, state-owned enterprises have been restructured and restructured, enterprises have been withdrawn from the market and entered the park, and increased investment in technological transformation. The independent innovation ability of enterprises has been continuously improved, the compressor manufacturing industry has developed rapidly, and a number of enterprises that have entered the ranks of the world compressor manufacturing industry have emerged.
For example, the ф816mm large-scale rotor screw compressor is the screw compressor with the current rotor diameter in the world. At present, only a few companies such as MAN, Kobe Steel, and Fusheng have this production capacity and technology.
In the first 10 years of the new century, the main economic indicators of the industry are basically developing at a double-digit growth rate, and maintain a moderate growth level in the next 5 years. Especially during the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" period, the compressor industry has an average growth of 18.6%, and the screw compressor is even more. An average increase of 47.1%.
The production volume of large-scale, high value-added process compressors and screw compressors continues to increase. Domestic process screw compressors are widely used in oil refining and petrochemical plants. Such as: constant overhead gas and reduced overhead gas compressors for atmospheric and vacuum units; flare gas compressors for oil refining and chemical plants; feed gas compressors for hydrogen production plants; PSA feed gas and tail gas compressors; styrene compressors; butadiene pumping Lift compressor; vinyl chloride compressor, etc. The screw expander energy recovery unit has been popularized and applied in steam waste heat and residual pressure recovery; natural gas residual pressure recovery; hot water ORC cycle project.
Before 2002, the domestic screw compressor manufacturing industry did not form large-scale production due to outdated equipment and poor machine performance, and the screw compressor market was almost monopolized by foreign companies.
Especially with the development of precision and numerical control of production equipment, the promotion and application of information technology and simulation technology, and the improvement of processing methods in the screw host manufacturing industry (such as screw rotor milling machines, especially the application of grinding machines), the performance of the host machine is improved. are effectively guaranteed. A number of manufacturers of screw compressors have been formed, especially the manufacture of screw compressors for aerodynamics has made great progress, and the product technology has basically reached the level of similar products abroad, and some models have higher energy efficiency than foreign products.
Such as: Fusheng's two-stage compression screw air compressor, its energy efficiency is currently one of the world's most energy-efficient screw air compressors.
In terms of technology, after years of technological development, domestic screw compressors are also becoming more and more mature in terms of research and development design level, processing technology level, etc., especially the application of high-precision CNC rotor processing milling machines (grinding machines) and other production equipment, making a variety of types The processing of the wire has become easier to achieve, the development results of the main rotor profile have been continuously promoted, and a good market response has been obtained in the application.
The improvement of the manufacturing level of the industry has also enabled the products to achieve high precision and be recognized by the market, especially in the low-end and middle-end markets, and have obvious advantages, and gradually compete with the international market in the field.
With the steady development of industry technology and the gradual improvement of domestic independent production capacity, the increase in production capacity has exceeded the increase in market demand.
Xiangyang Rongjingsheng--Air compressor and energy saving experts around you 0710-3455557 13797571525
Official account QR code
Disclaimer: Some materials come from the Internet, if there is any infringement, please inform us to delete!
